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Measuring urban sustainability in Northeast Asia: Construction of indicators system under decarbonization perspectives
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DOI：10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101611.png)
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Abstract
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Urban areas in Northeast Asia play a significant role in global greenhouse gas emissions. This research centers on the development of an urban sustainability indicators system for Northeast Asian cities, adopting the perspectives of "decarbonization." The objective is to establish a comprehensive assessment framework, measuring the progress of low-carbon urban development in a more micro view rather than a global evaluation, and providing strategic recommendations for balanced economic growth and emission reduction. Through the analysis of decarbonization strategies and policies in Northeast Asian countries, macro-level indicators were formulated. The study uses Analytic Hierarchy Process method to build a hierarchical indicators system and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution to weight indicators. This evaluation system not only addresses carbon emission reduction but also encompasses multidimensional factors such as economic growth and energy security. These make this indicators system outstanding for micro evaluation in Northeast Asia and showing a more complete evaluation of cities based on quantitative statistics, governments management, and citizens’ views.
Keywords:
Carbon neutrality
Northeast Asia cities
Urban carbon emissions
Indicator system
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