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Mechanical properties and solid-state structures of polypropylene using novel solventless processing techniques
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DOI：10.1002/pen.27161.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Solid-state processing of semi-crystalline polymers is an attractive, environmentally friendly, and scalable methodology that can be used to produce high-value-added products. In this study, we applied a two-stage scrapless, solventless, and low-energy-consuming solid-state process with special emphasis on isotactic polypropylene (PP). In Stage 1, cross-rolling, we report the production of tough sheets both at room temperature and under cryogenic conditions (-40 degrees C), well below the T-g of PP. In Stage 2, the PP was oriented below T-m to a draw ratio of 25 into thin rods with outstanding mechanical properties. The oriented thin rod, that is, the product, exhibited moduli of approximately 30 GPa and tensile strength values greater than 1 GPa. These mechanical properties compare favorably with those of gel-spun fibers of ultra-high-molecular-weight PP, which are more than 30 times thinner. The solid-state structure of the product comprises a taut network with a profuse crazing configuration and a highly fibrillated structure. A complex hierarchical structure is proposed to elucidate the evolution of these properties as a function of orientation. Highlights A two-stage solid-state process for polypropylene was successfully developed. The product exhibited a high stiffness of 29 GPa and strength >1 GPa. Product tensile properties compare favorably with gel-spun PP fibers. A complex hierarchical structure was established.
Keywords:
high-modulus polypropylene
solid-state processing
solventless process
structure-property relationships
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