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Mechanistic insights into lithology-normal stiffness coupling effects on stick-slip instability in fault-slip rockburst triggering
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DOI：10.1007/s10064-026-05222-5.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
As underground engineering extends to depths of thousands of meters, fault-slip rockbursts induced by stick-slip instability pose a major safety threat. Most laboratory studies on fault stick-slip have used constant normal load (CNL) conditions, ignoring the effects of rock type and normal stiffness—key factors inherent to natural deep faults. To address this, this study employs granite and marble as representative lithologies, and a series of friction sliding experiments were conducted on rock simulated faults under constant normal stiffness (CNS) boundary conditions. The research systematically investigates the coupled regulatory mechanisms of lithological differences and normal stiffness effects on fault stick-slip instability characteristics. Results show that: (1) Both lithologies exhibit regular stick-slip patterns under varied normal stiffness, with granite also showing regular inclusion chaotic stick-slip modes suppressed by increasing stiffness. (2) Seismic source parameters generally increase with normal stiffness for both rocks, but maximum shear and normal stresses increase with stiffness for granite and decrease for marble. (3) Theoretical analysis indicates granite faults are more prone to unstable slip, especially under CNL conditions. From a mineralogical perspective, the controlling factors of stick-slip behavior rank as: mineral composition > grain size > mineral stability. Notably, the influence of these factors may be further exaggerated by the effect of normal stiffness. These research findings offer invaluable insights into the intricacies of deep fault slip behavior.
Keywords:
Normal stiffness
Lithological variation
Friction sliding test
Fault stick-slip behavior
Seismic source parameters
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