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Metabolic Reprogramming-Driven Neuroimmunoregulation: Key Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges in Central Nervous System Disorders
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DOI：10.1016/j.arr.2026.103291.png)
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Abstract
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• This review summarizes the core metabolic pathways—glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation—in immune cells and describes the metabolic characteristics of CNS-resident microglia, immunomodulatory astrocytes, and peripherally infiltrating T cells, B cells, neutrophils, and macrophages across CNS disorders. • Key mechanisms linking immunometabolic reprogramming to CNS pathology are discussed, including intercellular crosstalk, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and oxidative stress, with disease-specific alterations examined in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and ischemic stroke. • Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation are reviewed, along with translational challenges including target selectivity, blood-brain barrier penetration, and stage-dependent efficacy.
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