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Micro-Galvanic Coupling Programs the Therapeutic Zinc Ion Window to Reconfigure Immune Cascades for Pro-Regenerative Bone Healing
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DOI：10.1002/advs.76084.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Ion release-driven inflammation and bone loss underlie metallic implant failure. Here, micro-galvanic coupling design of alloys electrochemically programs essential element releasing dose to modulate immune responses and promote regenerative healing. Using model alloys, finely dispersed Mg2Zn11 particles in Zn-0.8Mg act as sacrificial anodes, suppressing Zn matrix dissolution. In contrast, coarse FeZn13 phases in Zn-0.8Fe establish a “large cathode-small anode” galvanic regime, elevating anodic current densities by two orders of magnitude. Consequently, Zn-0.8Fe implants in bone marrow release excessive Zn2+, drive massive neutrophil recruitment and proinflammatory polarization (Day 3), and induce M1-dominant macrophage responses (Day 14), culminating in poor bone formation at Day 90. Conversely, Zn-0.8Mg releases a moderate Zn2+ flux, promotes pro-regenerative neutrophil polarization, and guides an M2-dominant macrophage milieu that fosters osteogenesis rich in type I collagen. Findings here provide the composition design rationale for the development and translational application of a biodegradable Zn alloy cranio-maxillofacial internal fixation system.
Keywords:
biodegradable Zn alloys
bone healing
micro-galvanic
reconfigure immune
zinc ion window
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