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Microstructural evolution and mechanical enhancement of lightweight AlNbTiVCr refractory high-entropy alloys through Si addition
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DOI：10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102805.png)
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Abstract
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This research is focused on the influence of silicon (Si) addition on the structure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of refractory high-entropy AlTiNbVCrSiₓ (x = 0–0.75) alloys. XRD data indicate that the base alloy is single-phase BCC, whereas the addition of Si results in the formation of other silicide phases, which complicates the structure. The SEM analysis establishes that the microstructure is finer and more heterogeneous as more Si is added and the Si-rich regions appear. There is also a slight reduction in density because of the lower atomic weight of Si. Mechanically, the hardness and compressive strength increase with the increase of Si content. This improvement is mainly attributed to the formation and increasing volume fraction of hard silicide phases, while solid-solution strengthening arising from Si-induced lattice distortion provides a comparatively secondary contribution. However, the alloys become more brittle at higher Si levels, leading to reduced ductility during compression. Corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution indicates a definite enhancement with addition of Si. The corrosion potential becomes more positive and the density of corrosion current becomes significantly lower. The upright performance observed in the alloy with 0.75 Si implies that it has the highest corrosion resistance. This is mainly due to the formation of a stable and protective oxide layer that limits metal dissolution.
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