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Mineral-doped quantum fertilizers: boron-doped carbon dots promote sustainable agriculture and bacterial disease management
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DOI：10.1039/D6RA00122J.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Mineral (micro- and macronutrient)-doped quantum fertilizers developed via green synthesis represent a novel and transformative paradigm in sustainable agriculture; offering an ecofriendly strategy to maximize nutrient use efficiency; stimulate plant growth; and significantly reduce dependence on conventional chemical fertilizers. Here; we report the synthesis of Mg-; Zn-; Fe- and B-doped carbon quantum dots via a microwave-assisted method using oxalic acid as a molecular precursor. Notably; boron-doped carbon quantum dots (B-QDs) exhibit dual roles of plant growth promotion and significant antibacterial activity; as comprehensively characterized and functionally validated. Structural analyses (UV-vis spectroscopy; TEM; XPS; and fluorescence spectroscopy) confirmed the formation of quantum dots with an average diameter of 8–12 nm. B-QD treatments significantly enhanced seed germination; root elongation; and root number compared with the control (without mineral); boron alone; and Mg-doped and Fe-doped carbon quantum dots (Mg-QDs and Fe-QDs; respectively). However; Zn-doped carbon quantum dots (Zn-QDs) showed better seed germination and root elongation ability; but no antibacterial activity was observed. Fluorescence imaging further demonstrated efficient internalization and distribution of B-QDs in root tissues; while binding studies revealed strong interactions with pectic acid; a major polysaccharide in the cell walls suggesting a role in modulating cell wall dynamics. Antibacterial assays confirmed selective inhibition of phytopathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae and Ralstonia solanacearum without adversely affecting beneficial soil microbes. Furthermore; B-QDs displayed potent antibiofilm activity; validating their dual function as both plant growth promoters and eco-friendly antimicrobial agents. These seminal findings catalyze a new scientific quest to harness the power of “quantum fertilizers” toward advanced sustainable agriculture and next-generation plant disease management.
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