Modeling the shadow and ring structures of rotating Hayward black holes under magnetic charge and accretion influences

Sen Guo

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15980-x

Modeling the shadow and ring structures of rotating Hayward black holes under magnetic charge and accretion influences

2026-07-09

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DOI：10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15980-x

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Building upon our previous work, this study extends the analysis to the rotating case and systematically examines the combined effects of magnetic charge, spin, and accretion flow structure on the resulting shadow and photon ring features. We derive the photon geodesics in the rotating Hayward spacetime via a semi-analytical approach and perform detailed ray-tracing simulations under both spherical and geometrically thin disk accretion scenarios. Our results demonstrate that the presence of magnetic charge induces significant deformations in the black hole (BH) shadow, most notably the emergence of a characteristic D-shaped asymmetry at high spin values and large inclination angles. Furthermore, we analyze the redshift and intensity distributions associated with both prograde and retrograde accretion disks, revealing that the observed image morphology is strongly influenced by relativistic Doppler boosting, gravitational redshift, and frame-dragging effects. Remarkably, the predicted brightness asymmetry and centroid displacement of the shadow images are in good agreement with current VLBI observations, such as those of M87 $$^{*}$$ . These findings underscore the potential of BH shadow imaging as a powerful probe of deviations from the classical Kerr geometry and offer theoretical guidance for interpreting future high-resolution observations.

Modeling the shadow and ring structures of rotating Hayward black holes under magnetic charge and accretion influences

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