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Morphology Controlled Co3O4 Nanocubes on Electrospun Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ Nanofibers Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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DOI：10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04613.png)
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Abstract
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Enhancing the performance of cathodes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) remains crucial. This study investigates the modification of electrospun Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (SSC) nanofibers with hydrothermally synthesized Co3O4 nanocubes to improve oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. Co3O4 nanocubes exhibited good morphological stability after calcination at 800 °C. Composite Co3O4@SSC-nanofiber cathodes with varying Co3O4 mass fractions (5, 10, and 15 wt %) were prepared. X-ray diffraction confirmed chemical compatibility between Co3O4 and SSC without secondary phase formation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on symmetric cells revealed that the 10 wt % Co3O4@SSC-nanofiber cathode delivered the lowest polarization resistance (Rp), particularly at elevated temperatures (e.g., 0.072 Ω·cm2 at 650 °C), outperforming cathodes made with commercial Co3O4 powder. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated increased oxygen vacancy concentration in the composite, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis suggested that Co3O4 modification partially suppressed detrimental Sr surface segregation. Single-cell testing confirmed the enhanced performance, achieving a peak power density of 0.886 W·cm–2 at 650 °C using the 10 wt % composite cathode, superior to reported values for other SSC-based cathodes. Oxygen partial pressure dependence studies identified a shift in the ORR rate-determining step with temperature. This work demonstrates that the morphology-controlled Co3O4 modification of SSC nanofibers is a promising strategy for high-performance IT-SOFC cathodes.
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