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Morphospace engineering: Morphological computation in scaffold design
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DOI：10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105676.png)
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Abstract
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Scaffold geometry does more than support tissue-it encodes the rules by which matter organizes into function. Morphology operates as a generative constraint, transforming physical configuration into causal instruction. From molecular folding to cellular migration, form computes what matter can become. This work formalizes that principle across scales: using cellular automata as minimal models of morphogenesis and extending the same logic to scaffold design for tissue regeneration. Each scaffold can be described as a point in a high-dimensional morphospace whose axes-curvature, porosity, stiffness, fiber orientation-act as local update rules guiding cell behavior. Within this space, a viability kernel delineates the geometries that sustain growth and differentiation. By treating geometry as computation, bioengineering shifts from designing materials that contain life to shaping forms that generate it-a shape-first paradigm where the causal arrow runs from form to function.
Keywords:
Scaffold morphospace
Form-first bioengineering
Hylomorphic framework
Cellular automata
Viability kernel
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