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Multi-component microneedle drug delivery system of sanfu herbal patch for allergic asthma in rats
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DOI：10.1007/s13346-026-02194-7.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
A dissolvable microneedle system (SFP-MNs) loaded with seven principal Sanfu Herbal Patch components was developed to assess transdermal delivery feasibility and therapeutic efficacy in a rat model of allergic asthma. SFP-MNs were fabricated using a two-step centrifugation-assisted template molding method and characterized in terms of morphology, mechanical strength, skin penetration capability, and in vitro drug release behavior. An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma model was established in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats to investigate the in vivo performance of the microneedles. Pulmonary interstitial fluid was continuously sampled by microdialysis following transdermal administration, and drug concentrations were quantified using UPLC-MS/MS. Pharmacodynamic responses were evaluated by measuring histamine (HIS), immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels using ELISA, together with histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining. A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model was subsequently established to characterize the relationship between drug exposure and therapeutic response. The prepared SFP-MNs exhibited excellent mechanical properties, efficient skin penetration, and sustained drug release. In vivo, SFP-MNs achieved effective transdermal delivery of the encapsulated components and produced superior therapeutic outcomes compared with an equivalent-dose conventional Sanfu Herbal Patch gel. Specifically, high-dose SFP-MNs markedly alleviated airway inflammation, reduced inflammatory biomarker levels, and attenuated pulmonary histopathological injury in allergic asthmatic rats. These findings demonstrate that SFP-MNs represent a promising transdermal drug delivery platform with the potential to replace conventional Sanfu Herbal Patch for the treatment of allergic asthma while providing sustained drug release and improved therapeutic efficacy.
Keywords:
Effective components of Sanfu Herbal Patch
Soluble microneedles
Transdermal drug delivery system
Allergic asthma
PK/PD
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