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Multi-ULAs Dilated Nested Array: A Sparse Antenna Array Design With Enhanced DOA Estimation Performance
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DOI：10.1109/jiot.2026.3703787.png)
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Abstract
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Sparse antenna array (SAA) design involves two essential metrics: uniform degrees of freedom (uDOFs) and mutual coupling (MC). This letter proposes an SAA comprising six sparse uniform linear arrays (ULAs), named the multi-ULAs dilated nested array (MUDNA). Different from existing SAAs that assemble subarrays to fill co-array holes, MUDNA adopts a redundancy rearrangement strategy: it extracts interior sensors redundant for difference co-array (DCA) continuity from densely spaced subarrays and redeploys them at larger inter-element spacings (IES), simultaneously reducing MC and extending uDOFs. Numerical results confirm that, under strong MC, MUDNA outperforms competing SAAs in direction of arrival (DOA) estimation.
Keywords:
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation
multiuniform linear arrays dilated nested array (MUDNA)
mutual coupling (MC)
sparse antenna array (SAA)
uniform degrees of freedom (uDOFs)
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8.9
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