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Multidimensional Energy Poverty, Food Expenditure, and Dietary Diversity Among Rural Households
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DOI：10.1002/fes3.70287.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study examines the effects of multidimensional energy poverty on food expenditure, dietary diversity, and the consumption of key food groups among rural households in China. Using household survey data collected in 2023 from eastern, central, and western China, we construct a multidimensional energy poverty index and employ a conditional mixed-process model to address the endogeneity of household energy poverty. The results show that multidimensional energy poverty significantly reduces household food expenditure and dietary diversity. The negative effects are concentrated among low-income households and vary by the gender of the household head, with stronger reductions in food expenditures among female-headed households and larger dietary-diversity losses among male-headed households. Further analysis indicates that multidimensional energy poverty significantly reduces the consumption of nutritionally important foods, including vegetables, aquatic products, and pork. These findings suggest that energy deprivation imposes substantial welfare costs by affecting household food consumption and diet quality, underscoring the importance of integrating rural energy poverty alleviation with food and nutrition security policies.
Keywords:
conditional mixed-process model
dietary diversity
food expenditure
multidimensional energy poverty
rural households
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