Muscle-inspired, high-speed hydrogel based on magnetic carrageenan/mesona gum interpenetrating network for integrated actuation and strain sensing in motion monitoring

Yu Fu

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2026.115781

Muscle-inspired, high-speed hydrogel based on magnetic carrageenan/mesona gum interpenetrating network for integrated actuation and strain sensing in motion monitoring

2026-05-04

0

PRE

AI

Y

Yu Fu *

C

Chen Yang

Z

Zhenshuai Wan

L

Liu Peng

D

Dengjie Zhu

X

Xingzhou Chen

R

Ronghan Wei

DOI：10.1016/j.colsurfb.2026.115781

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Abstract

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• A hamburger-like composite with integrated magnetic actuation and self-sensing functionality is firstly developed. • Magnetic actuation hydrogel consists of MPs@MWCNTs with gradient distributed embedded in a CMG interpenetrating network. • CMG@MWCNTs/SA demonstrates high strain sensitivity, remarkable cycling durability and fast magnetic actuation speed. • It can be employed as a gripper and fish-like actuator capable of detecting its own position and movement.

Keywords:

hydrogel

magnetic actuation

strain sensing

interpenetrating network

motion monitoring

Muscle-inspired, high-speed hydrogel based on magnetic carrageenan/mesona gum interpenetrating network for integrated actuation and strain sensing in motion monitoring

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