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Navigating social change and social harmony: Testing SIMCA in Gen Z collective action in Madagascar and its role in reconciliation processes
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DOI：10.1111/pops.70177.png)
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Abstract
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The Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA) effectively predicts collective action and social change, but has been less examined in emerging movements and non-WEIRD contexts. This research had two aims: to test SIMCA during the Gen Z mobilization in Madagascar, a largely online movement that culminated in the overthrow of the government in October 2025; and to examine how SIMCA variables relate to post-action activism and reconciliation. Study 1 (N = 959), conducted during the governmental transition, tested SIMCA—including national identification, Gen Z identification, perceived injustice, collective efficacy, and morality—on online collective action support, intention, and participation. Study 2 (N = 258), conducted post-transition, examined associations with activism intention, reconciliation, and forgiveness. Gen Z identification and morality were consistently associated with collective action and activism intention, whereas perceived injustice was primarily linked to ongoing collective action. Collective efficacy showed mixed associations. In contrast, national identification emerged as a key factor of post-action forgiveness. These findings suggest that SIMCA variables are involved not only in social change but also in post-action social harmony. They highlight the distinct roles of politicized and non-politicized identities, underscoring the importance of conceptualizing collective action as a temporally and contextually embedded process.
Keywords:
Gen Z
non-WEIRD
reconciliation
SIMCA collective action
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