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Obesity-Related Cognitive Impairment: An Update Overview of Mechanisms and Treatments
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DOI:10.1017/erm.2026.10049.png)
Abstract
En 中文
BackgroundLifestyle changes and unhealthy eating habits have led to a sharp rise in obesity rates worldwide. Obesity is closely associated with a range of complications; including cognitive impairment and dementia. Accumulating evidence indicates that obesity negatively affects cognitive function and may increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Conversely; cognitive dysfunction may further contribute to the development and progression of obesity. With growing attention in this field; obesity-related cognitive impairment has emerged as an important research focus at the intersection of metabolic and neurological disorders.MethodsThis article reviews the potential mechanisms underlying obesity-related cognitive impairment and summarizes emerging therapeutic strategies.ResultsThe development and progression of obesity-related cognitive impairment involve multiple mechanisms; including insulin resistance; systemic and central inflammation; immune dysregulation; microcirculatory alterations and changes in neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity. Recent studies have focused on the adipose tissue-brain axis and the microbiota–gut–brain axis; in particular; the targeted effects of extracellular vesicles released from adipose tissue and microbiota on the brain.ConclusionsThis article systematically reviews the mechanisms underlying obesity-related cognitive impairment and presents novel therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
adipose tissue–brain axis
cognitive impairment
exosome
microbiome–gut–brain axis
neuroinflammation
obesity
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