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Optical Centroid Orbiting Metrology
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DOI：10.1002/lpor.202402311.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Optical interferometry has dramatically advanced the development of modern science and technology. Here the study introduces an interesting centroid evolution phenomenon of orbital angular momentum (OAM) interference fields with broken rotational symmetry, and establishes a new interferometric paradigm by fully exploiting centroid orbiting information. The centroid positions and geometric trajectories can provide more detectable information in a 2D plane to sense interferometric perturbations, compared with the conventional interferometry. The study first investigates centroid orbital evolution under inclined angle perturbation that allows for ultra-sensitive angle distinguishment with arc-second resolution. The study also shows centroid ellipse evolution under optical spatial phase perturbation that enables geometric characterization of arbitrary OAM superpositions on modal Poincaré spheres. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the environmentally robust nanoscale displacement measurement with polarization synchronous detection, particularly the high-resolution, fast, and large-range linear movement monitoring using commercial four-quadrant photodetectors based on centroid orbiting angle detection. This centroid orbiting metrology may open new opportunities to advance metrological technologies beyond the conventional interferometry.
Keywords:
centroid
interferometry
structured light