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Optimal suspension design of a vehicle with anti-roll bar
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DOI：10.1080/00423114.2026.2683876.png)
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Abstract
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This paper presents an analytical solution for the optimal suspension parameters for ride comfort and road holding, using a single-axle Half-Car Model (HCM) that incorporates an anti-roll bar (ARB). While existing studies rely on numerical optimisation, a generalised analytical formulation that explicitly reveals the influence of ARBs on suspension performance and provides insight for the design process has not yet been presented. Building on the Quarter-Car Model (QCM), we define corresponding performance indicators for the HCM and use covariance analysis to derive their closed-form expressions under uncorrelated road excitations. The findings reveal that including an ARB significantly affects the optimal suspension parameters, requiring higher damping to maximise comfort and reduced suspension stiffness to maximise road holding. Moreover, while ARBs are traditionally valued for enhancing cornering stability, their inclusion degrades both comfort and road holding performance during straight-line steady-state conditions motion, highlighting an inherent trade-off when including ARBs. Finally, and via numerical optimisation, we show that a linear combination of the independent optimums provides a useful approximation for combined optimisation of comfort and road holding. Overall, this work extends suspension optimisation from the QCM to the HCM, offering analytical insight into how ARBs affect comfort and road holding.
Keywords:
Half car model
comfort
road holding
suspension optimisation
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