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Optimization methodology of grounding grid based on all stipulated design variables as per IEEE Std. 80
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DOI：10.1016/j.epsr.2026.113014.png)
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Abstract
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This paper presents an optimization methodology for the design of square and rectangular substation grounding grids with equal conductor spacing, ensuring compliance with IEEE Std. 80-2013 safety criteria while minimizing construction costs to minimum possible limits. The proposed algorithm systematically performs parameters sweeps over all key design variables stipulated in the standard, including grid burial depth, surface layer thickness, conductor material, conductor size, conductor spacing, and the number and length of ground rods, using nested-deterministic iterations instead of metaheuristic search. Two cost functions are considered for optimization: the first one accounts only for conductor and rod material costs, while the second incorporates additional factors such as installation, and excavation costs. The algorithm is tested for eight published grid systems. The resulting designs are validated against ETAP's results. The proposed method yields IEEE-compliant designs that are consistently more cost-effective than the ones proposed by ETAP's optimizer. The proposed standard-based workflow offers a practical tool for safe, reliable, and economical substation grounding grid design.
Keywords:
Design optimization
Electrical safety
Substation protection
Substation grounding grid
IEEE Std. 80-2013
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IF:
4.2
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1.1W
Citations:
2.2W
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