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Optimized Cone-Shaped Antenna Deployment Using Rational Non-Integer Array Theory
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DOI：10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110445.png)
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Abstract
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This study presents a novel exploration of cone-shaped antenna arrays for cellular network deployment, leveraging non-integer array configurations to enhance overall capacity and spectral efficiency while reducing infrastructure costs. Traditional cone-shaped arrays, employing integer-spaced designs, often require a higher density of antenna elements, resulting in increased costs for materials, installation, and maintenance. In this study, we examine two key configurations: the Regular Uniform Cone Array (RUCA) and the Tilted Uniform Cone Array (TUCA), extending both to non-integer designs. By introducing rational spacing along horizontal and vertical dimensions, the non-integer configurations significantly reduce the number of antenna elements required while maintaining or improving critical performance metrics such as sum-rate capacity and spectral efficiency bounds. Through detailed mathematical formulations and MATLAB-based simulations, we demonstrate that non-integer cone-shaped arrays provide improved sum-rate capacity compared to traditional integer-based designs across multiple network configurations. These improvements are particularly significant in next-generation cellular networks, where precise beam control and cost-effective deployment are critical to meeting the high-frequency demands of 6G. The results underscore the transformative potential of non-integer array configurations in cone-shaped geometries, offering a scalable and efficient solution for future wireless communication infrastructure.
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