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Optimizing RFID Network Planning With a Cascaded Reader Architecture Using a TLR-CSO Algorithm
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DOI：10.1109/JIOT.2026.3661014.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Network planning is critical for radio frequency identification (RFID) system, a core technology in large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) deployments. Existing studies mainly focuses on reader-to-tag links, overlooking a key infrastructure challenge in IoT: unstable reader-to-terminal connectivity. This is particularly relevant in IoT applications such as smart warehouses and factories, where communication distances span dozens of meters. Wired solutions are costly and inflexible, while standard wireless links offer limited range and stability. In addition, the dynamic IoT environments demand more efficient and accurate planning methods. To tackle these issues, this article proposes a cascaded reader architecture enabling reliable multihop communication from readers to the terminal. We develop a comprehensive link model defining three full link types from tags to the terminal. A planning model is then formulated to optimize reader placement, aiming to maximize coverage while minimizing localization error, interference, and forwarding load. Finally, an enhanced chicken swarm optimization (CSO) algorithm incorporating three novel mechanisms is proposed to solve this problem. Simulations show that the proposed method offers an efficient and scalable IoT networking solution, outperforming existing approaches with improvements of over 6% in regular and over 10% in irregular scenarios against EGCSO, and up to 32.52% against other baselines, while also accelerating convergence.
Keywords:
Cascaded reader communication architecture
network planning
radio frequency identification (RFID)
Journal
IF:
8.9
Papers:
1.4W
Citations:
7.8W
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