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ORCHARD : A General Planetary Evolution Code
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DOI：10.3847/1538-4357/ae9f4b.png)
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Abstract We present ORCHARD , a publicly available planetary evolution code based on the gas giant evolution code, APPLE , capable of modeling the evolution and structures of terrestrial, super-Earth, sub-Neptune, Neptune, and gas giant planets and exoplanets from 0.5 M ⊕ to 10 M J . It supports not only the inhomogeneous and nonadiabatic evolution of gas giants and sub-Neptunes, but also the solidification of the mantles and cores of terrestrial planets, sub-Neptunes, and super-Earths. ORCHARD incorporates a state-of-the-art hydrogen–helium equation of state, “metal” equations of state (water, ice mixtures, enstatite/perovskite, olivine/forsterite, and iron), and atmospheric boundary conditions ranging from detailed nongray radiative transfer models for solar system giants to irradiated sub-Neptune atmospheres and bare rocky surfaces. ORCHARD also supports static calculations with state-of-the-art equations of state. The purpose of ORCHARD is to provide the scientific community with a flexible, unified tool for modeling planetary structures and evolution across the entire mass continuum of general astrophysical and planetary interest.
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