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Organic Photovoltaics in European Greenhouses – Mapping Renewable Electricity Potential across Europe
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DOI：10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102162.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
• OPV greenhouse potential in the EU ranges from ∼ 14 to 131 TWh year⁻1, depending on coverage levels and module efficiency. • 96% of EU regions can meet annual greenhouse electricity demand at low OPV deployment, supporting self-consumption. • Only 1.6% of regions can meet total annual regional electricity demand, indicating limited system-wide impact. • Cost competitiveness depends on efficiency gains, performance improvements, and industrial-scale production.
Keywords:
Organic Photovoltaics
OPV Greenhouse
Agriphotovoltaics
Energy Transition
European Union
APV
Agriphotovoltaics
CAPEX
Capital expenditures
EU
European Union
GHG
Greenhouse gas
GHI
Global Horizontal Irradiance
GWp
Gigawatt peak
IPCC
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
kWh
Kilowatt hours
kWp
Kilowatt peak
LCOE
Levelized Cost of Electricity
MW
Megawatt
MWh
Megawatt hours
NUTS
Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics
OPEX
Operational expenditures
OPV
Organic photovoltaics
PV
Photovoltaics
RESKit
Renewable Energy Simulation toolkit for Python
TWh
Terawatt hours
Wp
Watt peak
AGH
AGH
AGH
Greenhouse area share
α
α
α
Azimuth
CR
CR
CR
Coverage ratio
Ct
Ct
Ct
Annual expenditures
D
D
D
Electricity demand
Et
Et
Et
Annual electricity yield
i
i
i
Discount rate
n
n
n
System lifetime
ρ
ρ
ρ
Capacity density
RF
Roof factor
t
t
t
Tilt
Y
Y
Y
Capacity factor
PVocc
PVocc
PVocc
Ground area occupied by OPV panels
PGWp
PGWp
PGWp
Installable capacity potential
Pr,s
Pr,s
Pr,s
Electricity potential per NUTS-3 region r and scenario s
r
r
Pblock,s
Pblock,s
Pblock,s
Electricity potential per greenhouse block and scenario s
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