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DOI：10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.03.006.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion or shunting procedures are the most commonly performed surgery for the treatment of hydrocephalus and are often employed in the management of elevated intracranial pressure due to a variety of diseases. Despite their popularity however, approximately 50% of shunts fail within the first two years, and several revisions are required within the first decade after placement. Ophthalmologists may encounter patients with a CSF shunt to evaluate for concerns of vision loss or diplopia and to determine if papilledema is present. We discuss the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations and evaluation of possible CSF shunt malfunction.(c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords:
Cerebrospinal fluid
Shunt malfunction
Hydrocephalus
Intracranial pressure
Papilledema
Sixth nerve palsy
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