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Paediatric hydrocephalus
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DOI：10.1038/s41572-024-00519-9.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Hydrocephalus is classically considered as a failure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homeostasis that results in the active expansion of the cerebral ventricles. Infants with hydrocephalus can present with progressive increases in head circumference whereas older children often present with signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure. Congenital hydrocephalus is present at or near birth and some cases have been linked to gene mutations that disrupt brain morphogenesis and alter the biomechanics of the CSF-brain interface. Acquired hydrocephalus can develop at any time after birth, is often caused by central nervous system infection or haemorrhage and has been associated with blockage of CSF pathways and inflammation-dependent dysregulation of CSF secretion and clearance. Treatments for hydrocephalus mainly include surgical CSF shunting or endoscopic third ventriculostomy with or without choroid plexus cauterization. In utero treatment of fetal hydrocephalus is possible via surgical closure of associated neural tube defects. Long-term outcomes for children with hydrocephalus vary widely and depend on intrinsic (genetic) and extrinsic factors. Advances in genomics, brain imaging and other technologies are beginning to refine the definition of hydrocephalus, increase precision of prognostication and identify nonsurgical treatment strategies. Paediatric hydrocephalus is the progressive distension of the cerebral ventricles in infancy or childhood. This Primer discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, screening and treatment of paediatric hydrocephalus in both high-income and low- and middle-income settings.
Keywords:
QUALITY-OF-LIFE
ENDOSCOPIC 3RD VENTRICULOSTOMY
NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS
CHOROID-PLEXUS CAUTERIZATION
POSTHEMORRHAGIC HYDROCEPHALUS
INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE
CONGENITAL HYDROCEPHALUS
CHILDHOOD HYDROCEPHALUS
FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY
INFANT HYDROCEPHALUS
Journal
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IF:
60.6
Papers:
645
Citations:
3.8W
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