Pandemic consumption

Bachmann, Rudiger

doi:10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105185

Pandemic consumption

2025-10-01

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DOI：10.1016/j.jedc.2025.105185

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Abstract

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This paper examines how households adjusted their consumption behavior in response to COVID-19 infection risk during the early phase of the pandemic and without consumption lockdowns. We use a monthly consumption survey specifically designed by the German Statistical Office, covering the second wave of COVID-19 infections from September to November 2020. Households reduced their consumption expenditures on durable goods and social activities by 24 percent and 36 percent, respectively, in response to one hundred additional infections per one hundred thousand inhabitants per week. The effect was concentrated among the elderly, whose mortality risk from COVID-19 infection was arguably the highest.

Keywords:

Consumption

Health risk

Pandemic

COVID-19

Survey data

Pandemic consumption

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