Paver: Element-based pattern creation on 3D free-form surfaces

Weidan Xiong

doi:10.1016/j.cad.2026.104031

Paver: Element-based pattern creation on 3D free-form surfaces

2026-02-03

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DOI：10.1016/j.cad.2026.104031

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Abstract

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• An interactive tool called Paver, which lets designers quickly create 3D structural patterns consisting of 3D elements over an input surface. • A novel parametric model including grammar rules and interactive operators, which enables designers to quickly design element-based patterns. • A numerical optimization method based on a 2D mass–spring system, which refines the 3D pavement such that the structure of the designed pattern is preserved and curvature adaptive compactness is achieved.

Keywords:

Paver

3D structural patterns

parametric model

mass-spring system

free-form surfaces

Paver: Element-based pattern creation on 3D free-form surfaces

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