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Pedestrian crossing strategy while interacting with multiple autonomous vehicles in local street intersections: Effects of road infrastructure
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DOI：10.1016/j.trf.2025.103503.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Crossing strategy refers to pedestrian objectives in choosing crossing patterns and their pace. To the best of our knowledge, there remains a deficiency in literature regarding pedestrian crossing strategies when interacting with autonomous vehicles (AVs). This study investigated the effect of various physical road infrastructures on pedestrian crossing strategies while interacting with multiple AVs. The effects of three infrastructures in a typical local street on the crossing strategies of pedestrians were identified using a structural equation model based on a stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework. The stimulus included sidewalk, crosswalk, and/or legal on-street parking designed virtually in a four-lane local intersection, where frequent daily pedestrian-AV interactions occurred in a mixed neighborhood. The organism dimension of pedestrians was measured in terms of situation awareness (SA) and perceived risk (PR) when interacting with multiple AVs. Pedestrian crossing strategies, including their intended crossing patterns and speeds, were identified in the response dimension. Based on experimental data from 82 university students, the findings revealed that sidewalk and legal on-street parking significantly affected SA with coefficients of 0.155 and-0.079, respectively, whereas the crosswalk had a remarkable association with PR by a coefficient of-0.098. In addition, there was a trade-off relationship between pedestrian patterns and speed (coefficient of-0.197) when interacting with multiple AVs. Our research on pedestrians interacting with multiple AVs provides novel insights to enhance the understanding of pedestrian crossing strategies and establish a comparison with the realities of crowded local roadways. These insights expand our knowledge of actual pedestrian crossing behaviors in the AV environment and support the production of safer street design guidelines.
Keywords:
Pedestrian crossing strategy
Situation awareness
Perceived risk
Road infrastructure
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