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Penetrating the cell wall: a review on delivering exogenous materials into plant and fungal cells via micro/nanoinjection
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J
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DOI：10.1039/D6NR00509H.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Intracellular delivery into walled cells is essential for advancing research in plant science; microbiology; and synthetic biology. Conventional enzymatic wall degradation methods are inherently destructive; leading to poor cell survival. Micro/nanoinjection technology; which enables the physical penetration of the cell wall for direct substance introduction; has emerged as a critical solution. This review article presents a systematic overview of this technology. First; we summarize the state-of-the-art in probe design and fabrication. Next; we analyze automation and force-feedback strategies aimed at increasing operational throughput and reproducibility. We then review representative applications across various walled cell types; focusing on the mechanisms of wall penetration. Finally; we discuss technical limitations and propose a roadmap for future development; emphasizing the need for standardized protocols and integrated systems. In this review; first the key advances in probe design and fabrication strategies are summarized. Next; automation and force-feedback strategies aimed at increasing operational throughput and viability are analyzed. Then; the representative applications are discussed on penetrating the cell walls in plant and fungal cells. Finally; current achievements and technical limitations are summarized; and a road-map is proposed for future efforts.
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5.1
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3.0W
Citations:
11.6W
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