Phase-aware characterization and screening of non-proportional multiaxial loading in vibration fatigue

Arvid Trapp

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2026.109891

Phase-aware characterization and screening of non-proportional multiaxial loading in vibration fatigue

2026-08-01

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Arvid Trapp *

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Klemens Rother

DOI：10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2026.109891

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Abstract

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• Modal superposition naturally induces non-proportional stresses in vibration fatigue. • Complex covariance extends classical variance criteria to phase-lagged loading. • Non-proportional loading is captured within a compact covariance-based framework. • Statistical screening reduces effort in large-scale Findley plane evaluation. • Relevance is demonstrated for broadband vibration loading in FE-based assessment.

Keywords:

Random vibration fatigue

Non-proportional loading

Critical plane approach

Complex-valued covariance matrix

Phase relation between stresses

Maximum variance criterion

Findley criterion

Phase-aware characterization and screening of non-proportional multiaxial loading in vibration fatigue

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