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Phylogenetic analysis and clinical characteristics of sporadic norovirus diarrhea during 2023–2024 in Beijing, China
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DOI：10.1186/s12879-026-14187-5.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
To investigate the molecular epidemiology of viral diarrhea, phylogenetic analysis and clinical features of norovirus diarrhea in adult outpatients in Beijing, China during 2023–2024. Fecal samples from 238 outpatients with diarrhea were tested by real-time RT-PCR or PCR for five enteric viruses. Clinical features were compared between norovirus-positive and norovirus-negative cases. Genotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed for norovirus. Viral pathogens were detected in 45.4% of patients. NoV was most prevalent (27.7%), followed by rotavirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and adenovirus. Symptoms differed significantly between norovirus and non- norovirus cases. Predominant norovirus genotypes included GII.4[P16], GII.7[P7], and GII.17[P17]. GII.17 strains co-circulated as capsid lineages IIIa and IIIb, with polymerase regions linked to recent European clusters. GII.7[P7] showed close relatedness to 2024 strains from South Korea and Russia. Norovirus remains the leading cause of adult viral diarrhea in outpatients in post-pandemic Beijing, with multiple genotypes co-circulating. Non-GII.4 genotypes demonstrate ongoing evolution and transmission potential.
Keywords:
Viral diarrhea
Adult
Epidemiology
Sporadic
Norovirus
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