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Pitch angle measurement method based on detector counts distribution. -I. basic conception
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DOI：10.1007/s10686-025-10027-7.png)
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Abstract
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As an X-ray and gamma-ray all-sky monitor designed to observe high-energy astrophysical transients, Gravitational-wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) has also made a series of observational on burst events of gamma-rays and particles in the low Earth orbit. Pitch angle is one of the key parameters of charged particles traveling around the geomagnetic field. However, the usage of the all-sky monitor (GECAM-style) instruments to measure the pitch angle of charged particles is still lacking. In this work, we propose a novel method for GECAM and similar instruments to measure the pitch angle of charged particles based on detector counts distribution. The basic concept of this method, along with supporting simulation studies, is presented. With this method, the pitch angle of a peculiar electron precipitation event detected by GECAM-C is derived to be about 90 $$^\circ$$ , demonstrating the feasibility of our method. We note that the application of this method on GECAM-style instruments may open a new window for studying space particle events, such as Terrestrial Electron Beams (TEBs) and Lightning-induced Electron Precipitations (LEPs).
Keywords:
GECAM
Pitch angle
Geant4
Space environment
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