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Polarizing Cues
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DOI：10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00541.x.png)
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Abstract
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People categorize themselves and others, creating ingroup and outgroup distinctions. In American politics, parties constitute the in-and outgroups, and party leaders hold sway in articulating party positions. A party leader's endorsement of a policy can be persuasive, inducing co-partisans to take the same position. In contrast, a party leader's endorsement may polarize opinion, inducing out-party identifiers to take a contrary position. Using survey experiments from the 2008 presidential election, I examine whether in- and out-party candidate cues-John McCain and Barack Obama-affected partisan opinion. The results indicate that in-party leader cues do not persuade but that out-party leader cues polarize. This finding holds in an experiment featuring President Bush in which his endorsement did not persuade Republicans but it polarized Democrats. Lastly, I compare the effect of party leader cues to party label cues. The results suggest that politicians, not parties, function as polarizing cues.
Keywords:
SOCIAL IDENTITY
POLARIZATION
INFORMATION
POLICY
PARTY
SELF
MESSENGER
MESSAGE
FRAMES
BIAS
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