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Post-Quantum CPPA via Traceable Zero-Knowledge Ring Signatures for Zero-Trust Consumer IoT
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DOI：10.1109/tce.2026.3734525.png)
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Abstract
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The rapid growth of Consumer Internet-of-Things (CIoT) devices within Zero-Trust Architectures (ZTA) requires authentication mechanisms that provide post-quantum security, privacy, and accountability. Traditional Public Key Infrastructures (PKI) using RSA or ECC are vulnerable to quantum adversaries via Shor’s algorithm, while existing ring signature schemes lack conditional traceability or Zero-Trust integration. This paper presents QuantumRing-ZT, a Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication (CPPA) framework integrating lattice-based traceable zero-knowledge ring signatures with Zero-Trust policy enforcement. The scheme provides: (1) post-quantum security under Module-LWE and Module-SIS assumptions; (2) computational signer anonymity with 1/N guessing probability; (3) conditional traceability via t-of-k threshold decryption; (4) domain-specific linkability for double-signing detection; and (5) continuous Zero-Trust compliance via multi-factor trust scoring. We present an eight-step construction with formal security proofs in the Quantum Random Oracle Model (QROM) and validation on ESP32-C3 and Raspberry Pi 4. Experimental results show signing latency of 61.5 ms (33.4% faster than baseline lattice ring signatures), signature size of 11.2 KB for N = 64 (2.1× reduction vs. linear-growth schemes), and energy consumption of 9.8 mJ (30.5% improvement over comparable traceable schemes). Compared to Dilithium3, QuantumRing-ZT adds full anonymity and traceability with 26.3% signing overhead. These results confirm viability for battery-operated CIoT deployments with 1.5-year battery life at 1 signature/minute.
Keywords:
Post-Quantum Cryptography
Lattice-Based Signatures
Traceable Ring Signatures
Zero-Trust Architecture
Conditional Privacy
Module-LWE
Zero-Knowledge Proofs
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