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Power generation and utilization in deep-sea offshore wind integrated energy systems: A review
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OA
AI
Z
Z
Y
T
谌
Y
H
B
DOI：10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102169.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
• A “source–grid–load” framework of offshore wind integrated energy systems unifies supply-side synergy and demand-side utilization. • Supply-side multi-energy complementarity dampens power fluctuations and enhances system flexibility. • Demand-side diversified utilization enables in situ energy conversion and consumption, mitigating grid bottlenecks and reducing costs. • The transition from standalone wind farms to multifunctional offshore energy hubs is analyzed, revealing key synergistic logic.
Keywords:
Deep-sea offshore wind
Integrated energy systems
Multi-energy complementarity
In situ energy utilization
Power-to-X
AI
Artificial Intelligence
CAPEX
Capital Expenditure
FPV
Floating Photovoltaic
HVAC
High-Voltage Alternating Current
HVDC
High Voltage Direct Current
LCOE
Levelized Cost of Energy
LCOH
Levelized Cost of Hydrogen
MSP
Marine Spatial Planning
O&G
Oil and Gas
OTEC
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
OWF
Offshore Wind Farm
P2G
Power-to-Gas
P2H
Power-to-Hydrogen
P2X
Power-to-X
PEM
Proton Exchange Membrane
PINN
Physics-Informed Neural Network
PRISMA
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
PTO
Power Take-Off
PV
Photovoltaic
RCP
Representative Concentration Pathway
SFC
Semisubmersible wind power and Flap-type wave energy Converter
TAC
Total Annualized Cost
TRL
Technology Readiness Level
WACC
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
WEC
Wave Energy Converter
WT
Wind Turbine
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