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Precipitation process of rare earth carbonates: Current research status and clean synthesis strategies
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DOI：10.1016/j.jre.2026.07.033.png)
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Abstract
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Rare earth oxides are critical strategic materials for high-tech industries. Their primary precursors, rare earth carbonates, are produced on an industrial scale through a low-cost and straightforward direct precipitation process. However, with the increasing demands for environmental protection and enhanced product performance, conventional methods face challenges such as costly wastewater treatment and process regulation. To address these issues and facilitate the cleaner production of high-value rare earth carbonates, researchers are actively exploring innovative synthesis strategies. This paper reviews both traditional and novel precipitation processes for rare earth carbonates, focusing on advancements in precipitants and precipitation equipment. Based on these insights, electrochemical-carbonization methods are proposed to achieve clean synthesis of rare earth carbonates through innovations in mechanisms, equipment, and processes. Finally, future development directions and application potential are discussed in depth. These findings provide valuable insights into the low-carbon production and industrial upgrading of the rare earth industry.
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