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Predicting the Tensile Behavior of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polylactic Acid (PLA) Biocomposites Using a Multiscale Modeling Approach
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DOI：10.1002/pen.70709.png)
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Abstract
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This study develops a micromechanical-based multiscale modeling approach to predict the tensile behavior of basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. Biocomposites with fiber weight fractions of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% were fabricated via twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. Experimental tensile tests showed that adding BFs significantly enhanced the mechanical performance of the brittle PLA matrix. The ultimate tensile strength expanded by 310%, increasing from 35.55 MPa for neat PLA to 145.88 MPa at 40 wt% fiber loading. Concurrently, the elastic modulus increased by 61.2%, from 3.35 to 5.40 GPa. Material toughness peaked at 1.29 MJ/m3 for the 20 wt% composite (a ~600% enhancement) before decreasing to 1.05 MJ/m3 at 40 wt% loading. SEM evaluation confirmed uniform fiber dispersion with an average aspect ratio of 18.22. Process-induced fiber orientation tensors were computed via injection molding simulation and mapped to structural models (ANSYS) using Digimat mean-field (Digimat-MF) homogenization and Digimat-MAP. This multiscale elastoplastic framework successfully captured the anisotropic structural response and predicted experimental failure loads across all fiber variations with high accuracy. The integrated approach provides a reliable, data-driven design tool for high-performance structural biocomposites.
Keywords:
ANSYS
biocomposites
Digimat
mechanical properties
Moldflow
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