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Prior study on multimodal assessment and intervention of subthreshold depression in flight safety personnel
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DOI：10.1007/s11431-025-3231-6.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Objective: to meet the urgent demand for mental health early warning and intervention in aviation personnel, this preliminary study on subthreshold depression (SD) among flight safety personnel aimed to build a multimodal neurophysiological closed-loop framework integrating diagnosis-intervention, and provide methodological and technical support for subsequent research on high-risk aviation groups to realize objective identification and effective regulation of SD. Methods: twenty SD patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Multimodal physiological data under the semantic verbal fluency task (SVFT) were synchronously collected via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG). Group differences were analyzed; an EEG-fNIRS-based cross-modal attention network (Ef-CMAN) was established for automatic SD classification. Meanwhile, the intervention efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combined with five-tone therapy was verified by comparing pre- and post-intervention physiological data of SD patients. Results: SD patients showed reduced prefrontal hemodynamic activity and abnormally elevated EEG band power in multiple brain regions. The Ef-CMAN achieved high SD diagnostic accuracy, with a mean 5-fold cross-validation accuracy of 0.816 (± 0.045). Post-intervention, SD patients’ Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores dropped significantly (p < 0.001), and abnormal high EEG activation was reversed. Moreover, the Ef-CMAN differentiated pre- and post-intervention states with an accuracy of 0.838 (± 0.082), objectively validating the therapeutic effect. Conclusion: this preliminary study confirms the applicability of multimodal neuroimaging techniques in aerospace medicine. The constructed closed-loop framework provides a reusable methodological paradigm for future pilot-focused research and has important preliminary value for developing a mental health early warning system for aviation safety personnel.
Keywords:
aerospace medicine
subthreshold depression
EEG
fNIRS
traditional Chinese medicine therapy
transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation
five-tone therapy
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