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ProbeST: a custom probe design pipeline for dual host–pathogen Spatial Transcriptomics

delete2026-06-25
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OA
AI
S
Sofia Rouot
I
Ireen van Dolderen
P
Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen
S
Solène Frapard
S
Sybil A. Herrera-Foessel
H
Hailey Sounart
S
Sami Saarenpää
S
Stefania Giacomello
DOI:10.1186/s12864-026-13077-zdelete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Probe-based Spatial Transcriptomics profiles spatially-resolved transcriptomes using gene-specific probe pairs for both Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and Fresh Frozen samples. However, its applicability is restricted to human and mouse studies, due to commercial probe set availability. Here, we present ProbeST, an open-source computational pipeline for designing custom probe sets for genes of interest of a given organism. We validated ProbeST on FFPE mouse enteroid-derived monolayers infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, using custom pathogen probes with the available mouse probe panel. We simultaneously detected host and pathogen transcripts, with high probe specificity and low sensitivity against mCherry imaging, enabling identification of inflammatory response host genes Mefv, Tnf, and Anxa1 colocalizing to pathogen genes. The reproducible ProbeST workflow expands probe-based Spatial Transcriptomics to studies of non-model organisms and host–pathogen interactions.
Keywords:
Spatial Transcriptomics
Probe Design
Pipeline
DualST
Salmonella Typhimurium
Mouse Enteroids
Host–pathogen interactions
Colocalization analysis
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues
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Journal

BMC Genomics cover
BMC Genomics
IF:
3.7
Papers:
1.9W
Citations:
5.2W

Organization

I
Institute of Microbiology
Scholars:
600
Papers: 217
Citations: 9.6K
D
Department of Gene Technology
Scholars:
9
Papers: 2
Citations: 0