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Promise without practice — charting the path forward for bladder cancer biomarkers
DOI:10.1038/s41585-025-01064-0.png)
Abstract
En 中文
Bladder cancer is a biologically heterogeneous disease, and ongoing efforts in biomarker research aim to support personalized treatment approaches. Circulating tumour DNA is approaching clinical integration through prospective trials, whereas other markers remain investigational owing to technical limitations, inconsistent findings and lack of validation. Rigorous biomarker-driven trials and cost-effectiveness studies are needed to enable the integration of molecular tools into routine practice. Biomarkers might ultimately lead to rational treatment de-escalation or escalation, improving outcomes while minimizing harm and cost.
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