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Prompt-Based Multi-Interest Learning Method for Sequential Recommendation
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DOI：10.1109/TPAMI.2025.3563663.png)
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Abstract
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Multi-interest learning method for sequential recommendation aims to predict the next item according to user multi-faceted interests given the user historical interactions. Existing methods mainly consist of a multi-interest extractor that embeds the user interactions into the user multi-interest embeddings, and a multi-interest aggregator that aggregates the learned multi-interest embeddings to the final user embedding, used for predicting the user rating to an item. Despite their effectiveness, existing methods have two key limitations: 1) they directly feed the user interactions into the multi-interest extractor and aggregator, while ignoring their different learning objectives, and 2) they merely consider the centrality of the user interactions to capture the user interests, while overlooking their dispersion. To tackle these limitations, we propose a prompt-based multi-interest learning method (PoMRec), where specific prompts are inserted into the inputted user interactions to make them adaptive to the multi-interest extractor and aggregator. Moreover, we utilize both the mean and variance embeddings of user interactions to embed the user multiple interests for the comprehensively user interest learning. We conduct extensive experiments on three public datasets, and the results verify that our proposed PoMRec outperforms the state-of-the-art multi-interest learning methods.
Keywords:
Sequential recommendation
multi-interest learning method
prompt based learning
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