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“Pseudo-reference-based Input Function Shape” (pRef-IFS): Towards a True image-derived input function for PET kinetic modeling
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DOI：10.1177/0271678x251411712.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
<jats:p>
PET absolute quantification requires the metabolite-corrected plasma input function (
<jats:italic toggle="yes">C</jats:italic>
<jats:sub>P</jats:sub>
), especially when an ideal reference region is unavailable. We propose “pseudo-Reference-based Input Function Shape” (pRef-IFS), a novel non-invasive method to estimate
<jats:italic toggle="yes">C</jats:italic>
<jats:sub>P</jats:sub>
from PET data in two steps: (1) generating the unscaled
<jats:italic toggle="yes">C</jats:italic>
<jats:sub>P</jats:sub>
<jats:italic toggle="yes">shape</jats:italic>
from a pseudo-reference region (pRef) described by a one-tissue (1T) compartment model, with the pRef clearance rate
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either estimated with simplified reference tissue models (SRTM) or assumed
<jats:italic toggle="yes">a priori</jats:italic>
; (2)
<jats:italic toggle="yes">scaling C</jats:italic>
<jats:sub>P</jats:sub>
with an early image-derived blood time-activity curve (ID-BTAC). We here explored the first step (assuming accurate step-2 scaling), evaluating the impact of violating 1T assumptions and inaccurate
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estimates on pRef-IFS recovery with both synthetic and human data. The distribution volumes (
<jats:italic toggle="yes">V</jats:italic>
<jats:sub>T</jats:sub>
) were the main outcome measure. With 1T kinetics, SRTM
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was unbiased, irrespective of pRef specific binding; pRef-IFS had small
<jats:italic toggle="yes">V</jats:italic>
<jats:sub>T</jats:sub>
bias in real data:
<jats:sup>11</jats:sup>
C-LSN3172176 (cerebellum pRef: −2 ± 5%; thalamus: 11±8%);
<jats:sup>18</jats:sup>
F-SynVesT-1 (centrum semiovale: −1 ± 14%; cerebellum: 6 ± 4%). With two-tissue kinetics, pRef-IFS performed poorly, especially with
<jats:sup>18</jats:sup>
F-FPEB, while
<jats:sup>18</jats:sup>
F-ASEM produced small biases (cerebellum: −4 ± 10%). If good scaling with ID-BTAC can be achieved, pRef-IFS promises to be fully non-invasive for radiotracers reasonably described by 1T kinetics, even with modest specific binding in the pRef.
</jats:p>
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