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Pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann models with high-order isotropic interaction forces for multiphase flows
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DOI：10.1016/j.compfluid.2026.107206.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
In this work, two pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann models with high-order isotropic interaction forces (6th- and 8th-order isotropic models) are proposed for simulating multiphase flows. Unlike the conventional pseudopotential model with low-order isotropic interaction forces (4th-order isotropic model), which incorporates only nearest-neighbor interactions when computing interaction forces, the pseudopotential models with high-order isotropic interaction forces incorporate both nearest-neighbor interactions and next-nearest-neighbor interactions, thereby effectively reducing the anisotropic contributions in the high-order error terms of interaction forces. In addition, for the proposed models, discrete additional terms are introduced into the collision step, enabling the density ratio and surface tension to be independently adjusted. The performance of the proposed models is validated by six benchmark cases. First, numerical simulations of the planar interface demonstrate that the proposed models can achieve better thermodynamic consistency. Subsequently, the proposed models are used to simulate the static droplet and the results show that they can significantly suppress spurious currents while also allowing the surface tension to be adjusted independently of the density ratio. Moreover, the additional computational cost of the proposed models is nearly negligible compared with the model with low-order isotropic interaction forces. Then, the proposed models are adopted to simulate the moving droplet and the results indicate that they can achieve better Galilean invariance. Finally, three complex dynamic cases, including elliptical droplet oscillation, bubble merging, and droplet impact on a thin liquid film, are simulated by the 8th-order isotropic model, demonstrating that the proposed model can accurately simulate multiphase flows with large density ratios.
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