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R2R3-MYB transcription factors: remodeling cell wall lipid barriers and lignification to adapt to environmental stress
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DOI：10.1007/s11104-026-08961-2.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The expansion and adaptive subfunctionalization of R2R3-MYB transcription factors have contributed substantially to plant adaptation to terrestrial environments. Driven by whole-genome duplication (WGD) and subsequent functional diversification, ancestral phenylpropanoid-regulating MYBs were progressively recruited into multiple plant barrier systems, including lignification, suberization, cutinization, and wax deposition. Together, these barriers form structural and physiological interfaces that regulate plant interactions with heterogeneous soil environments under drought, salinity, flooding, and metal stress. This review aims to provide an evolutionary and regulatory framework for understanding how R2R3-MYB transcription factors coordinate barrier remodeling and environmental adaptation, with particular emphasis on their functions at the plant–soil interface. We synthesize evidence from evolutionary, comparative genomic, and regulatory studies to identify both conserved and lineage-specific MYB-mediated barrier strategies. These include the expansion of lignification-related MYB modules and feedback regulation in woody plants, the emergence of double suberin barrier systems in monocots adapted to flooded soils, and potential genomic streamlining or regulatory specialization of stress-responsive MYB regulators in mangroves inhabiting saline intertidal environments. At the plant–soil interface, MYB-mediated remodeling of root barriers regulates radial water and ion transport, restricts the entry of toxic ions and metals, and contributes to plant acclimation to saline, flooded, and metal-affected soils. We further integrate multilayered regulatory mechanisms involving promoter cis-element diversification, miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation, and coordinated transcriptional network architectures that balance developmental stability with environmental plasticity and growth–defense trade-offs. R2R3-MYB transcription factors function as evolutionarily conserved yet highly adaptable regulatory hubs linking plant barrier formation with environmental responses and plant–soil interactions. Integrating evolutionary diversification with transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation provides a unified framework for understanding barrier plasticity and may support precision breeding and synthetic biology strategies aimed at improving crop stress resilience and resource-use efficiency.
Keywords:
R2R3-MYB transcription factors
Cell wall lipid barriers
Subfunctionalization
Transcriptional regulatory network
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