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Raynaud’s phenomenon: a vascular or an autoimmune-mediated disorder? Facts and fancy
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DOI：10.1016/j.coi.2026.102803.png)
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Abstract
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• Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a multifactorial vasospastic disorder • Secondary RP may precede underlying disease and predict progression • Endothelial dysfunctionand enhanced α₂-adrenergic sensitivity drive vasospasm. • Immune mechanisms, including GPCR-targeting autoantibodies, may drive pathogenesis. • Management includes lifestyle measures, vasodilators, and emerging targeted therapies.
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