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Reexamine the Large-Scale Flow Pattern Associated With Tropical Cyclogenesis Using Multi-Dimensional Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
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DOI：10.1029/2026JD046551.png)
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Abstract
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The western North Pacific is characterized by five large-scale flow patterns (LFPs) that foster dynamic conditions favorable for tropical cyclone genesis events (TCGEs). However, an objective method is needed to filter out small-scale disturbances in pattern identification. In this study, we apply the Multi-dimensional Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEEMD) to isolate LFPs linked to TCGEs by removing small-scale noise, thereby reducing pattern misclassification. A comparison of classifications before and after filtering confirms that MEEMD diminishes disturbance-related misidentification and enhances overall classification reliability and accuracy. The new classification shows that TCGEs associated with the monsoon shear line (SL) pattern increase in proportion, while those related to easterly waves (EW) decrease. Further analysis indicates a significant northward trend in genesis latitude for TCGEs tied to both the SL and the monsoon confluence region patterns. El Niño-Southern Oscillation exerts distinct influences on TCGE frequency and location depending on the governing LFP. Additionally, the relationship between LFP latitude and TCGE frequency varies characteristically across different LFPs.
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