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Reference pixel-based reversible data hiding scheme using multi-level pixel value ordering
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AI
DOI：10.1007/s11042-023-16171-6.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Traditional PVO (Pixel Value Ordering) can embed at most two data bits in a row or column of a smooth image block, which is unable to fulfil current demands. To improve embedding capacity, we propose a reference pixel-based reversible data hiding scheme using multi-level PVO with PEE (Prediction Error Expansion) wheremore than two data bits can be embedded in a smooth block in each iteration while maintaining good visual quality and security. This scheme is different because it uses smooth block selection and takes bin difference (-1) into account when embedding secret data within more than two pixels. By choosing the neighbouring and current block's pixel, this technique determines the smooth block. The reference pixel-based Multi-Level PVO(MPVO) method enhances the embedding performance as well as the image quality. With a block size of mu = (3 x 3), the suggested technique has an average embedding capacity (EC) of over 70,000 bits and an average PSNR of over 40 dB. The experimental results shows that the proposed scheme is relatively greater in concentration with security, image quality and capacity of secrets than the other state-of-the-art schemes. The desired result highlighted certain impressive magnificent qualities in the areas of steganography, security controls, and digitally fraud identification, without which the development of technology would be severely hindered. This programme has significant benefits for both the public and private sectors in the areas of intellectual property rights and health care units.
Keywords:
Reference Pixel
Multi-Level PVO
Embedding capacity
Steganalysis
Reversible data hiding
Steganographic Attacks
Journal
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3
Papers:
1.9W
Citations:
3.2W