Removal of tetracycline by sludge biochar based polyvinyl alcohol-carboxymethyl cellulose gel microspheres

2026-07-07

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Jun Lin

Huaxian Tao

Lanxin Liu

Liping Na

Juanli Liu *

Jia Li *

DOI：10.1016/j.cherd.2026.07.013

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• Sludge biochar/PVA-CMC-Cu hydrogel realizes waste valorization and TC removal. • Adsorbent achieves 248.77 mg/g TC capacity at 318 K, outperforming most analogs. • TC removal exceeds 80% over five cycles with great reusability. • Sips-based energy distribution clarifies TC removal mechanism.

Removal of tetracycline by sludge biochar based polyvinyl alcohol-carboxymethyl cellulose gel microspheres

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