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Review on low-carbon tunnel technologies: Integrating lifecycle strategies and scenario-adaptive solutions
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DOI：10.1016/j.undsp.2026.02.008.png)
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Abstract
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• Extend tunnel carbon focus to design, operation & environment, not just construction. • Tunnels offer long-term emission benefits in complex terrains via land-use reduction. • Low-carbon materials and prefab tech enable greener tunnels. • LCA for infrastructure needs clear lifecycle definition and uncertainty management.
Keywords:
Low-carbon tunnels
Underground networks
Lifecycle assessment
Infrastructure decarbonization
Scenario adaptation
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