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RF phase modulation improves quantitative transient state sequences under constrained conditions
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DOI：10.1007/s10334-025-01293-9.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
ObjectiveWithin gradient-spoiled transient-state MR sequences like Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting or Magnetic Resonance Spin TomogrAphy in Time-domain (MR-STAT), it is examined whether an optimized RF phase modulation can help to improve the precision of the resulting relaxometry maps.MethodsUsing a Cramer-Rao based method called BLAKJac, optimized sequences of RF pulses have been generated for two scenarios (amplitude-only modulation and amplitude + phase modulation) and for several conditions. These sequences have been tested on a phantom, a healthy human brain and a healthy human leg, to reconstruct parametric maps (T1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${T}_{1}$$\end{document} and T2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${T}_{2}$$\end{document}) as well as their standard deviations.ResultsThe amplitude + phase modulation scenario systematically resulted in lower noise levels than the amplitude-only modulation scenario. On average, the difference was around 34%, but it was substantially larger for scans acquired under SAR restrictions. Compared to amplitude-only, in the amplitude + phase modulation scenario, the relevance of an inversion pulse and of a pause were greatly reduced, at least considering overall precision and in-phantom accuracy.ConclusionThe application of an optimized RF phase modulation in quantitative transient-states MRI is beneficial for almost all tested scenarios and conditions, in particular under SAR restrictions Furthermore, RF phase modulation reduces the need for inversions pulses and pauses.
Keywords:
Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging
MR-STAT
Quantitative MRI
RF phase modulation
Sequence optimization
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